Swollen silicone composition and process of producing same

ABSTRACT

There is provided herein, in one specific embodiment, silicone composition(s) comprising unique combination(s) of silicone polymer and alkyltrisiloxane(s) which can produce silicone composition(s) with lower solids content than silicone compositions that use other than alkyltrisiloxane(s); while still maintaining a desirable viscosity.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

(1) Field of the Invention

The invention relates to composition of swollen silicone polymer,process for making the same and personal care formulations using thesame.

(2) Description of Related Art

The personal care industry thrives on being able to deliver multipleperformance products based on mixtures of several components, with eachcomponent having a performance and compatibility profile, which can lendthat component to properties that are important to or desirable incertain final product formulations. One desirable property is theability to provide a silky initial feel. This property can be derivedfrom the use of cyclic siloxanes in the formulation. In addition to thesilky initial feel, cyclic siloxanes used in silicone gels cansimultaneously maintain a high viscosity product, which can also bedesirable for various product formulations. Although cyclic siloxanesprovide the desired feel characteristics, they are low viscosity, highlyflowable liquids. Thus, they are not easily held in a formulation,preferring rather to separate and flow out of a given container or flowuncontrollably across the skin when used in a specific application.Further desirable properties include achieving an initial silky feelwhile providing a smooth, low-residue feel upon dry-down, as well asachieving a high transfer resistance in as short a period as possible.

Cyclic siloxanes have limitations in terms of their performance andcompatibility profile. A desired performance and/or compatibilityprofile possessing the various desirable properties described above isnot always achievable by using a cyclic siloxane. Certain applicationscan require a different performance and/or compatibility profile thatcannot be met by the use of cyclic siloxanes.

In addition to providing a particular performance and/or compatibilityprofile, cyclic siloxanes provide effective swelling of siliconepolymer. In addition to cyclic siloxanes, linear siloxane fluids havebeen used to swell silicone polymer and to provide a differentperformance and/or compatibility profile and different end applicationbenefits from that of cyclic siloxanes. These linear siloxane fluids aremade via an equilibrium process and comprise a distribution of molecularweights. Unfortunately, up to now, the use of linear siloxanes hasrequired a much higher level of silicone polymer (solids) to obtain thedesired viscosities that are obtainable through cyclic siloxanes. Usinghigher amounts of solids has processing and cost disadvantages. Inaddition, using higher amounts of solids can cause “balling” of aproduct on the skin, which is a negative sensory attribute.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In this brief description it is noted that the present inventors haveunexpectedly discovered, in one specific embodiment, swollencross-linked silicone polymer network composition(s). This swollencross-linked silicone polymer network composition comprises a uniquecombination(s) of silicone polymer network and linear organosiloxane,which can produce swollen cross-linked silicone polymer network withdesirable viscosity and solids content.

Thus in one embodiment, there is provided a first swollen cross-linkedsilicone polymer network composition comprising:

a) the reaction product ofM_(a)M^(H) _(b)M^(vi) _(c)M^(E) _(d)D^(e)D^(H) _(f)D^(vi) _(g)D^(E)_(h)T_(i)T^(H) _(j)T^(vi) _(k)T^(E) _(L)Q_(m)whereM=R¹R²R³SiO_(1/2);M^(H)=R⁴R⁵HSiO_(1/2);M^(vi)=R⁶R⁷R⁸SiO_(1/2);M^(E)=R⁹R¹⁰R^(E)SiO_(1/2);D=R¹¹R¹²SiO_(2/2);D^(H)H=R¹³HSiO_(2/2);D^(VI)=R¹⁴R¹⁵SiO_(2/2);D^(E)=R¹⁶R^(E)SiO_(2/2)T=R¹⁷SiO_(3/2)T^(H)=HSiO_(3/2);T^(vi)=R¹⁸SiO_(3/2);T^(E)=R^(E)SiO_(3/2); andQ=SiO_(4/2)where R¹, R², R³, R¹¹, R¹² and R¹⁷ are independently monovalenthydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms; R⁴, R⁵ andR¹³ are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one tosixty carbon atoms or hydrogen; R⁶ is a monovalent unsaturatedhydrocarbon radical having from two to ten carbon atoms, and R⁷ and R⁸are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one tosixty carbon atoms; R¹⁴ is a monovalent unsaturated hydrocarbon radicalhaving from two to ten carbon atoms; and R¹⁵ is a monovalent hydrocarbonradical having from one to sixty carbon atoms; R¹⁸ is a monovalentunsaturated hydrocarbon radical having from two to ten carbon atoms; R⁹,R¹⁰ and R¹⁶ are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals havingfrom one to sixty carbon atoms or R^(E); each R^(E) is independently amonovalent hydrocarbon radical containing one or more oxirane moietieshaving from one to sixty carbon atoms; the stoichiometric subscripts a,b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, L, and m, are either zero or positivesubject to the following limitations: a+b+c+d≧1; d+h+L≧1 and b+f+j≧1;and,

b) a swelling amount of an alkyltrisiloxane wherein said reactionproduct is swollen by said alkyltrisiloxane to form first siliconecomposition and wherein said first silicone composition possesses alower solids content than a solids content present in a second siliconecomposition comprising said reaction product and a linear silicone fluidother than an alkyltrisiloxane, whereby second silicone composition andfirst silicone composition have equivalent viscosities.

In another embodiment there is also provided a process of producing saidfirst silicone composition comprising combining said reaction product(a) and said swelling amount of an alkyltrisiloxane (b).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Applicants have discovered, in one embodiment, that first swollencross-linked silicone polymer network composition (first siliconecomposition) with low solids content can be obtained by usingalkyltrisiloxane to swell reaction product (a).

As used herein the term trisiloxane is used both specifically as atrisiloxane also collectively includes generically higher molecularweight well defined linear siloxanes having a higher number of D repeatunits such as tetrasiloxanes pentasiloxanes and the like oralternatively low molecular weight well defined linear siloxanes such asdisiloxanes; such higher order or lower order linear siloxanes aresubtended by the cumulative usage herein defined as long as thephenomenological properties and parameters or solid content at constantviscosity are met.

As used herein the terms polyorganosiloxane and organopolysiloxane areinterchangeable one with the other.

It will be understood herein that all uses of the term centistokes weremeasured at 25 degrees celsius.

It will be understood herein that all specific, more specific and mostspecific ranges recited herein comprise all sub-ranges therebetween.

It will be understood herein that all percent ranges are weight percentbased upon total weight of first silicone composition unless statedotherwise.

As used herein, the terminology “reaction product (a)” means a threedimensionally extending structure comprising interconnected polysiloxanechains. In one specific embodiment, reaction product (a) contains atleast one fluid component within interstices of reaction product (a)that is present as a result of generating cross-linked reaction product(a). The term “interstices” is used herein in reference to a reactionproduct (a) to denote spaces within reaction product (a), that is,spaces between the polysiloxane chains of the reaction product (a).

In one specific embodiment, reaction product (a) is cross-linkedsilicone polymer network that is insoluble in said fluid component, butthat is capable of being swollen by said fluid component. The amount ofcrosslinking present in the reaction product (a) can be characterizedwith respect to the degree of swelling exhibited by reaction product (a)in the fluid component. In one specific embodiment, the cross-linkedstructure of the reaction product (a) is effective to allow reactionproduct (a) to be swollen by a low molecular weight silicone fluid, fromits original volume to a swollen volume that is a factor of specificallyfrom about 1.01 to about 5000, more specifically, of from about 2 toabout 1000, and most specifically of from about 5 to about 500, timesits original volume. In another specific embodiment, the original volumeof reaction product (a) can be determined, for example, by extracting orevaporating all fluid component present in the first siliconecomposition described herein, to leave the original volume, that is, thevolume of the reaction product (a) in the absence of fluid component.

In another specific embodiment, reaction product (a) is a swollencross-linked silicone polymer network gel, more specifically a swollencross-linked silicone polymer network gel that can be swollen to avolume as described above. It will be understood herein that any and allgels described herein are formed following the polymerization of anepoxy-functional organosiloxane to form a polyether siloxane copolymernetwork, which is known to those skilled in the art and is described inU.S. Pat. No. 6,531,540, the contents of which are incorporated hereinby reference in their entirety.

In one embodiment solids can generally be defined as any particles thatare swollen by fluid component in first silicone composition describedherein. In one embodiment, particles that are swollen by fluid componentin first silicone composition are particles of reaction product (a) asdescribed herein. In another embodiment, as stated above, certainapplications require first silicone composition with a lower level ofsolids than second silicone composition, while still maintaining adesired viscosity. In one embodiment herein, solids content is measuredby evaporation or extraction of all of the fluid component from firstsilicone composition and reported as weight percent of the total weightof first silicone composition. In one specific embodiment, solidscontent can be a lower solids content than that of second siliconecomposition comprising reaction product (a) and a linear silicone fluidother than alkyltrisiloxane. In one specific embodiment, solids levelcan be measured by evaporation of the fluid component by heating in anoven at 150° C.

A desired viscosity as used herein can vary greatly depending uponapplication of first silicone composition described herein. In onespecific embodiment, first silicone composition can be used in personalcare formulations as described herein. A personal care formulation canalso have any viscosity that would be desirable for the particularpersonal care formulation.

As used herein, cross-link density is used to define the extent of thecross-linking between polysiloxane chains. Thus, “low” cross-linkdensity would be used to describe a loosely cross-linked network havingmore interstitialspace between the polyorganosiloxane chains, whereas“high” cross-link density would be used to describe a more tightlycross-linked structure with smaller orfewer, interstitialspaces betweenthe polyorganosiloxane chains. As used herein, cross-link structuremeans a three dimensionally extending structure comprisinginterconnected polyethersiloxane copolymer chains. At high cross-linkdensities in a cross-linked polymer the polymer will not swellsignificantly in the presence of a compatible solvent and thus will notimbibe much solvent.

In one specific embodiment herein, first silicone composition can have alower solids content than that of second silicone composition comprisingother than alkyltrisiloxane such as the non-limiting example of cyclicsiloxane.

In one more specific embodiment, a lower solids content can entail,where first silicone composition has a given cross-linked structure anda given cross-link density and said lower solids content of firstsilicone composition is at least about 10 percent lower than the solidscontent for second silicone composition which has an equivalentcross-linked structure and an equivalent cross-link density to firstsilicone composition; and where first silicone composition has aviscosity of greater than about 100,000 centistokes.

In one more specific embodiment, a lower solids content can entail,where first silicone composition has a given cross-linked structure anda given cross-link density and said lower solids content of firstsilicone composition is at least about 25 percent lower than the solidscontent for second silicone composition which has an equivalentcross-linked structure and an equivalent cross-link density to firstsilicone composition; and where first silicone composition has aviscosity of greater than about 150,000 centistokes.

In one more specific embodiment, a lower solids content can entail,where first silicone composition has a given cross-linked structure anda given cross-link density and said lower solids content of firstsilicone composition is at least about 40 percent lower than the solidscontent for second silicone composition which has an equivalentcross-linked structure and an equivalent cross-link density to firstsilicone composition; and where first silicone composition has aviscosity of greater than about 200,000 centistokes.

In one other embodiment, any of the above described viscosities forswollen cross-linked silicone polymer network composition can beobtained at any of the above described ranges of solids content.

In one specific embodiment, reaction product (a) can be any known orcommercially used reaction product (a) provided that reaction product(a) can be swollen to a swollen volume as described above. In anotherspecific embodiment, reaction product (a) is an organopolysiloxane. Inyet a further specific embodiment, reaction product (a) can be athree-dimensional organo-functional polyorganosiloxane which containspolyether cross-links. In yet still a further specific embodiment, saidthree-dimensional organo-functional polyorganosiloxane which containspolyether cross-links can be formed as a result of the polymerization ofan epoxy-functional organosiloxane.

In yet another more specific embodiment, the organo group(s) oforganopolysiloxane can be any organo group commonly associated with suchpolymers and can generally be selected from the non-limiting examples ofalkyl radicals of 1 to about 60 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl,propyl; cycloalkyl radicals such as cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl;mononuclear aryl radicals such as phenyl, methylphenyl, ethylphenyl;alkenyl radicals such as vinyl and allyl; alkylene oxide radicals, suchas ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and mixtures thereof; andhaloalkylradicals such as 3,3,3,trifluoropropyl. In a more specificembodiment, the organo groups are alkyl radicals of 1 to 8 carbon atoms,and are most specifically methyl. In one embodiment, polyorganosiloxanehas some hydroxyl groups in the polymer. In one specific embodiment theorgano group(s) of organopolysiloxane can be any of the organicfunctional groups described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,531,540 the contents ofwhich are incorporated herein by reference. It will be understood thatthe nomenclature used in U.S. Pat. No. 6,531,540 regarding hydrocarbonradicals will deemed to be equivalent to organo groups as they aredescribed herein, in that any hydrocarbon radical described in U.S. Pat.No. 6,531,540 can be used as an organo group as is described herein sothat the terms hydrocarbon radical as it is described in U.S. Pat. No.6,531,540 and organo group(s) as used herein is interchangeable. In oneembodiment herein it will be understood that any organo groups describedherein can be present on said organopolysiloxane or can be bonded tosaid organopolysiloxane through a reaction with an organic compound,such as the non-limiting example of an alpha-olefin.

In one specific embodiment herein, reaction product (a) can have thegeneral formula:M_(a)M^(H) _(b)M^(vi) _(c)M^(E) _(d)D_(e)D^(H) _(f)D^(vi) _(g)D^(E)_(h)T_(i)T^(H) _(j)T^(vi) _(k)T^(E) _(L)Q_(m)whereM=R¹R²R³SiO_(1/2);M^(H)=R⁴R⁵HSiO_(1/2);M^(vi)=R⁶R⁷R⁸SiO_(1/2);M^(E)=R⁰R¹⁰R^(E)SiO_(1/2);D=R¹¹R¹²SiO_(2/2);D^(H)=R¹³HSiO_(2/2);D^(VI)=R¹⁴R¹⁵SiO_(2/2);D^(E)=R¹⁶R^(E)SiO_(2/2)T=R¹⁷SiO_(3/2)T^(H)=HSiO_(3/2);T^(vi)=R¹⁸SiO_(3/2);T^(E)=R^(E)SiO_(3/2); andQ=SiO_(4/2)where R¹, R², R³, R¹¹, R¹² and R¹⁷ are independently monovalenthydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms; R⁴, R⁵ andR¹³ are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one tosixty carbon atoms or hydrogen; R⁶ is a monovalent unsaturatedhydrocarbon radical having from two to ten carbon atoms, and R⁷ and R⁸are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one tosixty carbon atoms; R¹⁴ is a monovalent unsaturated hydrocarbon radicalhaving from two to ten carbon atoms; and R¹⁵ is a monovalent hydrocarbonradical having from one to sixty carbon atoms; R¹⁸ is a monovalentunsaturated hydrocarbon radical having from two to ten carbon atoms; R⁹,R¹⁰ and R¹⁶ are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals havingfrom one to sixty carbon atoms or R^(E); each R^(E) is independently amonovalent hydrocarbon radical containing one or more oxirane moietieshaving from one to sixty carbon atoms; the stoichiometric subscripts a,b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, L, and m, are either zero or positivesubject to the following limitations: a+b+c+d≧1; d+h+L≧1 and b+f+j≧1.

In another embodiment there is also provided a process of producing saidfirst silicone composition comprising combining said reaction product(a) and said swelling amount of an alkyltrisiloxane (b).

In yet a further specific embodiment, reaction product (a) having theformula M_(a)M^(H) _(b)M^(vi) _(c)M^(E) _(d)D_(e)D^(H) _(f)D^(vi)_(g)D^(E) _(h)T_(i)T^(H) _(j)T^(vi) _(k)T^(E) _(L)Q_(m) as describedabove, can comprise the reaction product of (I) a composition comprisingthe formula:M^(H) _(n)D_(o)D^(H) _(p)M^(H) _(2-n)whereM^(H)=R¹⁹R²⁰HSiO_(1/2);D=R²¹R²²SiO_(2/2); and,D^(H)=R²³HSiO_(2/2)where R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²³ are independently monovalent hydrocarbonradicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms or hydrogen; R²¹ and R²²are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one tosixty carbon atoms; the stoichiometric subscripts n, o, and p are zeroor positive subject to the limitations: o is a number greater than 10, pis a number from zero to about 20, n is a number from zero to two,subject to the limitation that n+p is from 1 to about 20; (II) alkenylcycloalkylene oxide such as the non-limiting example of vinylcyclohexene oxide; (III) alpha-olefin fraction such as Alpha OlefinGulftene C30+ available from Chevron or C₁₆₋₁₈ alpha olefin obtainedfrom Innovene; (IV) linear siloxane and optionally cyclic siloxane,where linear siloxane can comprise the non-limiting example ofalkyltrisiloxane, specifically ethyltrisiloxane (ETS) such as thenon-limiting example of heptamethylethyltrisiloxane, octyltrisiloxane(OTS), such as the non-limiting example of heptamethyloctyltrisiloxane,hexyltrisiloxane such as the non-limiting example ofheptamethylhexyltrisiloxane and any other alkyltrisiloxanes describedherein (V) catalyst such as the non-limiting example of platinumcatalyst, more specifically Karstedt's Catalyst; (VI) epoxidepolymerization catalyst formed through the interaction of platinum witha Si—H bond containing compound such as the non-limiting example ofMD^(H) ₅₀M in fluid component such as the non-limiting examples ofethyltrisiloxane and optionally decamethyl cylcopentasiloxane; and (VII)agent for quenching residual Si—H functionality such as the non-limitingexample of C₁₆₋₁₈ alpha olefin.

In one other specific embodiment herein reaction product (a) having theformula M_(a)M^(H) _(b)M^(vi) _(c)M^(E) _(d)D_(e)D^(H) _(f)D^(vi)_(g)D^(E) _(h)T_(i)T^(H) _(j)T^(vi) _(k)T^(E) _(L)Q_(m) as describedabove, can further comprise the reaction product of (I) a compositionhaving the formula M^(H)D₁₃₃D^(H) _(2.5)M^(H); (II) vinyl cyclohexeneoxide; (III) alpha olefin Gulftene C30+ available from Chevron; (IV) ETSand optionally decamethylcyclopentasiloxane; (V) solution of a platinumcatalyst (Karstedt's Catalyst); (VI) MD^(H) ₅₀M in ETS and optionallydecamethyl cylcopentasiloxane; and (VII) C₁₆₋₁₈ alpha olefin.

In yet a further specific embodiment composition (I) further comprisesepoxy functional polyorganosiloxane such as epoxy-functionalpolyorganosiloxane described above.

In one specific embodiment reaction product (a) can comprise two or morecross-linked silicone polymers, specifically two or morethree-dimensional cross-linked silicone polymers and most specificallytwo or more epoxy-functional cross-linked polyorganosiloxanes, whereinthe organo groups of epoxy-functional polyorganosiloxane can comprise,in addition to at least one epoxy functional group, the above-describedorgano groups.

In one specific embodiment herein, “a swelling amount” is an amount thatcan provide for an increase in volume of reaction product (a) asdescribed herein.

In one embodiment, fluid component, as described above, can be any knownor commercially used alkyltrisiloxane provided that alkyltrisiloxaneprovides for the above stated lower solids content and desirableviscosity in first silicone composition. In one specific embodiment,alkyltrisiloxane (b) is alkyl-substituted trisiloxane. In oneembodiment, the term “alkyl” means a saturated straight or branchedmonovalent hydrocarbon radical. In a specific embodiment, monovalentalkyl groups are selected from linear or branched alkyl groupscontaining from 1 to 60 carbon atoms per group, such as the non-limitingexamples of, methyl, ethyl, propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl,sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, decyl, and dodecyl. Inanother specific embodiment there is provided alkyltrisiloxane (b) whichis linear alkyltrisiloxane which is high purity material which resultsfrom the alkylation of a polyorganosiloxane having the formula (A):MD^(H)M   (A)whereM=R^(A)R^(B)R^(C)SiO_(1/2); andD^(H)=R^(D)HSiO_(2/2);where R^(A), R^(B), and R^(C) are independently monovalent hydrocarbonradicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms; and R^(D) is amonovalent hydrocarbon radical having from one to sixty carbon atoms orhydrogen. In one embodiment, a high purity material as described hereinis defined as substantially comprising the alkylated polyorganosiloxaneof formula (A). In a specific embodiment herein, alkylation of apolyorganosiloxane having the formula (A) can be accomplished byreacting a polyorganosiloxane having the formula (A) with alkenecompound such as ethylene. In a more specific embodiment a high puritymaterial comprises greater than about 90 weight percent of the alkylatedpolyorganosiloxane of formula (A) based on the total weight of highpurity material. In an even more specific embodiment a high puritymaterial comprises greater than about 95 weight percent of the alkylatedpolyorganosiloxane of formula (A) based on the total weight of the highpurity material. In a most specific embodiment a high purity materialcomprises greater than about 97 weight percent of the alkylatedpolyorganosiloxane of formula (A) based on the total weight of the highpurity material. In one other embodiment herein at least onealkyltrisiloxane (b) can be formed by any known or conventionally usedmethod known to those skilled in the art.

In one specific embodiment, at least one alkyltrisiloxane (b) has theformula:M′D*_(r)MwhereM or M′=R²⁴R²⁵R²⁶SiO_(1/2); and,D*=R²⁷R²⁸SiO_(2/2)where each R²⁴, each R²⁵, and each R²⁶ are independently monovalenthydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms to allow forM and M′ to be different; and where R²⁷ and R²⁸ are independentlymonovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from two to sixty carbon atoms;the stoichiometric subscripts r is positive subject to the limitations:that the silicon atom of D* has a pendant group that is other thanhydrogen, methyl and polyether, and r is equal to one.

In one specific example some non-limiting examples of alkyltrisiloxane(b) are linear alkyltrisiloxanes selected from the group consisting ofethyltrisiloxane, such as the non-limiting examples of1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-ethyltrisiloxane; octyltrisiloxane, such asthe non-limiting example of1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-octyltrisiloxane; hexyltrisiloxane such asthe non-limiting example of1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-hexyltrisiloxane, and combinations thereof.In one specific embodiment herein alkyltrisiloxane (b) can be at leastone alkyltrisiloxane such as those described in U.S. Patent ApplicationPublication No. 2004/0197284A1 which is incorporated by reference hereinin its entirety. In another specific embodiment herein alkyltrisiloxane(b) can be at least one alkyltrisiloxane such as those described in U.S.Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0069564A1 the contents of whichare incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. In yet one evenmore specific embodiment, alkyltrisiloxane (b) can compriseoctamethyltrisiloxane (surface tension=17.4 mN/m), sold, for example,under the name DC 200 Fluid 1 cst by the company Dow Coming;3-pentyl-1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;1-hexyl-1,1,3,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,3,3,5,5-heptamethyl-5-octyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-octyltrisiloxane, sold, for example, underthe name “Silsoft 034” by the company General Electric;1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-hexyltrisiloxane (surface tension=20.5mN/m), sold, for example, under the name “DC 2-1731” by the company DowCorning; 1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethyl-1,5-dipropyltrisiloxane;3-(1-ethylbutyl)-1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-(1-methylpentyl)trisiloxane;1,5-diethyl-1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-(1-methylpropyl)trisiloxane;3-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,5,5,5-hexamethyl-3,3-bis(1-methylethyl)trisiloxane;1,1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethyl-1,5-bis(1-methylpropyl)trisiloxane;1,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethyltrisiloxane;3-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-(3-methylbutyl)trisiloxane;1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-(3-methylpentyl)trisiloxane;1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-(2-methylpropyl)trisiloxane;1-butyl-1,1,3,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-propyltrisiloxane;3-isohexyl-1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;1,3,5-triethyl-1,1,3,5,5-pentamethyltrisiloxane;3-butyl-1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;3-tert-pentyl-1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,5,5,5-hexamethyl-3,3-dipropyltrisiloxane;3,3-diethyl-1,1,1,5,5,5-hexamethyltrisiloxane;1,5-dibutyl-1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,5,5,5-hexaethyl-3,3-dimethyltrisiloxane;3,3-dibutyl-1,1,1,5,5,5-hexamethyltrisiloxane;3-ethyl-1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;3-heptyl-1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;1-ethyl-1,1,3,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,5,5,5-hexamethyl-3,3-diethyltrisiloxane;1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethyl-1,5-diethyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-butyltrisiloxane and combinations thereof.In one specific embodiment reaction product (a) can be homogenized usingconventionally known methods specifically using fluid componentdescribed herein and more specifically alkyltrisiloxane describedherein.

In one specific embodiment alkyltrisiloxane (b) can comprise two or morealkyltrisiloxanes.

In a further specific embodiment herein, first silicone composition canfurther comprise silicone fluid other than said alkyltrisiloxane. In amore specific embodiment, said silicone fluid other thanalkyltrisiloxane can be cyclic siloxane and/or linear silicone fluidsuch as, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane fluid and/or high molecular weightpolyorganosiloxane fluid, respectively. In a most specific embodimentherein said high molecular weight polyorganosiloxane fluid has a greaterviscosity relative to alkyltrisiloxane (b) and can be selected from thegroup consisting of organo polydimethylsiloxanes having a viscosity ofspecifically from about 1 to about 400, more specifically of from about3 to about 350, and most specifically from about 5 to about 300centistokes, wherein the organo groups are any of the above describedorgano groups. In one specific embodiment organo polydimethylsiloxanecan have a viscosity of from about 1 to about 100 centipoise, morespecifically 2 to about 50 centipoise and most specifically 5 to about10 centipoise. In one very specific embodiment, polydimethylsiloxane canhave a viscosity of 5 centipoise. In one very specific embodiment,polydimethylsiloxane can have a viscosity of 50 centipoise.

In a specific embodiment, first silicone composition described herein isa solid, typically having a creamy consistency, wherein reaction product(a) act as a means for gelling fluid component to reversibly impartcharacteristics of a solid to fluid component.

In one specific embodiment herein there is provided silicone gelsubstantially comprising first silicone composition. In one embodimentherein, the amount of first silicone composition which substantiallycomprises silicone gel is specifically greater than about 10 weightpercent, more specifically greater than about 50 weight percent and mostspecifically greater than about 90 weight percent based upon the totalweight of silicone gel. It will be understood herein that silicone gelas described herein can also have the above-described viscosities andsolids content.

In one specific embodiment herein other silicone compositions comprisingat least one alkyltrisiloxane (b) can be made by using silicone polymersformed from other cross-linking processes known to those skilled in theart. In one specific embodiment herein there are provided silicone gelssubstantially comprising other silicone compositions as described above,made by other cross-linking processes known to those skilled in the art,that can also be swollen by at least one alkyltrisiloxane (b) describedherein.

In one other embodiment, first silicone composition exhibits highstability and resistance to syneresis, that is, first siliconecomposition exhibits little or no tendency for fluid to flow from firstsilicone composition and imparts high stability and syneresis resistanceto personal care formulations which include first silicone compositionas a component. The high stability and syneresis resistance persistswith prolonged aging of such first silicone composition and personalcare formulations comprising the same. However, fluid component can bereleased from reaction product (a) by subjecting first siliconecomposition to a shearing force, such as, for example, by rubbing firstsilicone composition between one's fingers, to provide improved sensoryfeel characteristic of the fluid component of first siliconecomposition. In one embodiment herein, first silicone composition asdescribed herein, can be utilized as prepared or as the siliconecomponent in emulsions, such as are described in U.S. Pat. Nos.6,531,540; 6,060,546 and 6,271,295, the contents for all of thesepatents are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.

In one embodiment, there is provided a personal care formulationcomprising silicone gel substantially comprising first siliconecomposition as described herein where said personal care formulation isat least one non-limiting example such as those selected from the groupconsisting of deodorant, antiperspirant, antiperspirant/deodorant,shaving product, skin lotion, moisturizer, toner, bath product,cleansing product, hair care product such as shampoos, conditioners,mousses, styling gels, hair sprays, hair dyes, hair color products, hairbleaches, waving products, hair straighteners, hair frizz control; hairvolumizing; manicure product such as nail polish, nail polish remover,nails creams and lotions, cuticle softeners, protective cream such assunscreen, insect repellent and anti-aging products, color cosmetic suchas lipsticks, foundations, face powders, eye liners, eye shadows,blushes, makeup, mascaras, as vehicles for fragrance delivery benefits,and other personal care formulations where silicone components have beenconventionally added, as well as drug delivery system for topicalapplication of medicinal composition that is to be applied to the skin.

In a more specific embodiment, the personal care formulation describedherein further comprises one or more personal care ingredients. Suitablepersonal care ingredients include, for example, emollient, moisturizer,humectant, pigment, including pearlescent pigments such as, for example,bismuth oxychloride and titanium dioxide coated mica, colorant,fragrance, biocide, preservative, antioxidant, anti-microbial agent,anti-fungal agent, antiperspirant agent, exfoliant, hormone, enzyme,medicinal compound, vitamin, salt, electrolyte, alcohol, polyol,absorbing agent for ultraviolet radiation, botanical extract,surfactant, silicone oil, organic oil, wax, film former, thickeningagent such as, for example, fumed silica or hydrated silica, particulatefiller, such as for example, talc, kaolin, starch, modified starch,mica, nylon, clay, such as, for example, bentonite and organo-modifiedclays, and combinations thereof.

In another embodiment herein first silicone composition can be formed byany known or commercially used process provided that said processprovides for the above-described swelling of reaction product (a). Inone specific embodiment there is provided a process for producing firstsilicone composition comprising combining at least one reaction product(a); and, a swelling amount of at least one alkyltrisiloxane (b); toproduce first silicone composition possessing substantially the sameviscosity, but a lower solids content, than that of second siliconecomposition described herein.

In one specific embodiment, said process of producing first siliconecomposition can comprise forming reaction product (a) by apolymerization method selected from the group consisting of additionpolymerization, condensation polymerization, cationic polymerization,anionic polymerization, and combinations thereof.

In one embodiment herein, reaction product (a) is prepared in the normalmanner through the use of a hydrosilation reaction to attach a vinyl orallyl substituted epoxide onto an Si—H bearing siloxane. SiH containingsiloxanes are well known in the art and can be linear, branched, orcyclic in structure. Some non-limiting examples of useful vinyl or allylsubstituted epoxides include 4-vinyl cyclohexene oxide, allyl glycidylether, limonene oxide, 1,2-epoxy-5-hexene, 1,2-epoxy-7-octene,norbornadiene monoepoxide and 1,2-epoxy-9-decene. In one furtherembodiment herein, precious metal catalysts suitable for making reactionproduct (a), alkyltrisiloxane (b) and first silicone compositiondescribed herein are well known in the art and include complexes ofrhodium, ruthenium, palladium, osmium, iridium and/or platinum.Epoxy-hydride reactions used to form cross-linked silicone network (a)and gels comprising swollen cross-linked silicone network which are madeusing epoxy-hydride reactions are known to those skilled in the art asis described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,531,540, the contents of which areincorporated herein by reference.

In one specific embodiment, reaction product (a) is a compound which isformed by polymerizing the epoxy functional organosiloxane compoundunder cationic polymerization conditions and, more specifically, in thepresence of fluid component, more specifically a low molecular weightsiloxane fluid. In one embodiment, reaction product (a) is can have beenpolymerized in the presence of fluid component or fluid componentmixture to directly form a first silicone composition. In anotherembodiment, reaction product (a) can have been polymerized in thepresence of a first fluid component or first fluid component mixture toform cross-linked polyether siloxane copolymer network which is reactionproduct (a), and then reaction product (a) so formed, is subsequentlyswollen with a second fluid component or second fluid component mixtureto form first silicone composition described herein; with the secondfluid component or second fluid component mixture being the same as ordifferent from first fluid component or first fluid component mixture,provided that said first fluid component(s) and/or second fluidcomponent(s) comprise alkyltrisiloxane (b). In one embodiment herein,the first fluid component(s) can, optionally, be removed from reactionproduct (a) by, for example, evaporation, prior to addition of secondfluid component(s). As a further specific embodiment herein,cross-linked epoxy functional reaction product (a) is polymerized in theabsence of fluid component(s) to form reaction product (a), and reactionproduct (a) is subsequently swollen with fluid component or mixture offluid components to form first silicone composition described herein,provided that fluid component or mixture of fluid components comprisesalkyltrisiloxane (b).

In another embodiment, the polymerization of the epoxy functionalorganosiloxane is conducted with a sufficient amount of excesshydridosiloxane functionality such that there is residual hydrideremaining after polymerization that may be subsequently reacted underconditions suitable for hydrosilylation with one or more alkenylfunctional compounds. This is especially advantageous in cases where thealkenyl functional compounds can act as inhibitors of cationic cure.Such alkenyl compounds are those that contain a functionality that canact as an inhibitor of the cationic cure mechanism, e.g. a base. Inanother embodiment, a small amount of a concentrated hydridosiloxane orhydridosilane compound is added in order to increase the rate ofpolymerization.

In one specific embodiment herein, there is provided a process ofproducing first silicone composition comprising where at least onereaction product (a) is produced in the presence of at least one firstfluid component and is subsequently swollen, where swelling saidreaction product (a) comprises diluting the reaction product (a), thathas been produced in the presence of at least one first fluid component,with at least one second fluid component with the proviso that at leastone first fluid component and/or at least one second fluid component isalkyltrisiloxane (b).

In one embodiment herein there is provided a silicone gel produced byany process described herein. In another specific embodiment there isprovided silicone gel substantially comprising first siliconecomposition which is produced by the process of producing first siliconecomposition as described above. In yet a further embodiment herein,there is provided a personal care formulation, such as those describedabove, comprising silicone gel produced by any process described herein.

In one embodiment herein there is provided silicone gel produced by anyprocess described herein where the silicone gel has a lower solidscontent and a desirable viscosity as described above.

In one specific embodiment herein there is provided a cosmeticcomposition comprising silicone gel described herein where silicone gelcomprises one or more of the formulations described in Table 4.

In another specific embodiment herein there is provided a sunscreencomposition comprising silicone gel described herein where silicone gelcomprises the following sunscreen formulation in Table A: TABLE AIngredient Wt (%) Part A Glyceryl Stearate (and) PEG-100 Stearate. (4)2.52 Dimethicone 5 cSt (1) 4.5 Isopropyl Palmitate 2.7 Example 2, Sample2 from Table 1 below (1) 4.5 Caprylyl Methicone (Silsoft 034) (1) 4.5PEG-5/PPG-3 Methicone (Silsoft 305) (1) 1.14 Dimethicone (and)Trimethylsiloxysilicate 0.90 (SS4267) (1) Tocopherol acetate USP (3)0.27 Benzophenone-3 (2) 2 Octyl MethoxyCinnamate (2) 3Butylmethoxydibenzoylmethane (2) 1.5 TiO2 (C47-60, Sunchemical) 0.3 PartB Water deionized 65.77 Glycerin 3.60 Niacinamide (3) 0.90 Panthenol (3)0.36 Arbutin (3) 0.05 Na4EDTA 0.07 Sodium Ascorbyl phosphate(3) 0.05Carbopol 941 0.12 Triethanolamine 0.21 Preservative (2) 0.06 Fragrancequantity sufficient Part C Polyacrylamide (and) C13-C14 Isoparaffin 0.90(and) Laureth-7 (5)

It will be understood that Wt % as used in Table A is weight percent ofbased on the total weight of the sunscreen formulation.

In one embodiment herein sunscreen composition in Table A is prepared bythe following procedure:

-   1. Combine ingredients of Part A at room temperature, heat to 75    degrees celsius-   2. Combine ingredients of Part B, heat to 75 degrees celsius.-   3. Slowly add B to A, carefully monitoring the temperature.-   4. Add C.-   5. Cool to 30 degrees celsius with moderate mixing. Add fragrance    and preservative.-   6. Homogenize

It will be understood that the ingredients of the sunscreen compositionin Table A are available under the trade name or from the supplierindicated by the number in parentheses next to each ingredient in TableA which is defined in the list below: Trade Names/Suppliers

-   (1) GE Advanced Materials, Silicones-   (2) ISP-   (3) BASF-   (4) Uniqema-   (5) Seppic

It will also be understood that quantity sufficient as used in Table Acan be adjusted by the end user to specific desired amounts.

The examples below are given for the purpose of illustrating theinvention of the instant case. They are not being given for any purposeof setting limitations on the embodiments described herein. All weightsare weight percent based on the total weight of first siliconecomposition unless stated otherwise.

EXAMPLES

The use of alkyltrisiloxanes as fluid component for first siliconecomposition(s) provides a means of obtaining high viscosity silicone gelat low solids concentrations. This result is unexpected when comparedwith other linear silicone fluids, which are typically much lesseffective silicone fluid components than corresponding cyclic siliconefluids and therefore require increasing amounts of cross-linked siliconenetwork such as reaction product (a) to provide first siliconecomposition with desired properties. The addition of alkyltrisiloxane asfluid component also offers a number of formulation and sensory benefitswhen compared with silicone compositions swelled by other linearpolydimethylsiloxane fluids. A number of silicone gels have beenprepared using both octyltrisiloxane (OTS ) and ethyltrisiloxane (ETS)as the fluid component either alone or in combination with othersilicone fluids. It is quite clear from these studies that OTS and ETSfluids function as more efficient gel fluid components than other linearpolydimethylsiloxane fluids. Also, when these gels with trisiloxanes areformulated into personal care formulations, the personal careformulations show a number of functional or aesthetic performancebenefits not seen with gels swelled by other fluid component(s); somenon-limiting examples of such sensory benefits include decreased ballingon the skin, general feel of the personal care formulation on the skinand improved thickening of personal care formulations.

Comparative Example

260 grams (g) of a silicone hydride fluid with the approximatecomposition M^(H)D₁₃₃D^(H) _(2.5)M^(H) was mixed with 8.5 g of vinylcyclohexene oxide, 21.7 g of Alpha Olefin (Gulftene C30+ from Chevron),630 g of decamethyl cylcopentasiloxane (D₅) and 0.075 g of platinumcatalyst solution, Karstedt's Catalyst. The mixture was heated to 90degrees celsius and then mixed for 45 minutes. Then 9.7 g of anothersilicone hydride fluid, MD^(H) ₅₀M in 80 g of D₅ was added to the hotreaction mixture. This was stirred at 90 degrees celsius for another 4hours and then the reaction was quenched with the addition of a terminalolefin which was C₁₆₋₁₈ alpha olefin from Innovene. The resultingmaterial had a solids content of 29.8 weight percent and extractables of20 weight percent based upon the total weight of reaction product (a).Then 250 g of this material was diluted with 350 g of D₅, and thenpassed through a Gaulin homogenizer one time at 9000 pounds per squareinch (psi). The resulting gel (Sample 1) had a solids content of about12.5 weight percent based upon the total weight of first silicone geland a viscosity of 183,000 centipoise (cP) at 24 hours.

Example 1

260 g of a silicone hydride fluid with the approximate compositionM^(H)D₁₃₃D^(H) _(2.5)M^(H) was mixed with 8.5 g of vinyl cyclohexeneoxide, 21.7 g of alpha Olefin (Gulftene C30+ from Chevron), 630 g ofethyltrisiloxane and 0.075 g of platinum catalyst solution (Karstead'scatalyst). The mixture was heated to 90 degrees celsius and then mixedfor 45 minutes. Then 9.7 g of another silicone hydride, MD^(H) ₅₀M in 80g of ethyltrisiloxane was added to the hot reaction mixture. This wasstirred at 90 degrees celsius for another 4 hours and then the reactionwas quenched with the addition of a terminal olefin which was C₁₆₋₁₈alphaolefin from Innovene. The resulting material had a solids contentof 29.8 weight percent and extractables of 24.5 weight percent basedupon the total weight of reaction product (a). Then 250 g of thismaterial was diluted with 350 g of ethyltrisiloxane and passed through aGaulin homogenizer one time at 9000 psi. The resulting material (Sample2) had a solids content of about 12.5 weight percent based upon thetotal weight of the silicone gel and a viscosity of 220,000 cP at 24hours. When 250 g of this 29.8 weight percent cross-linked siliconepowder was homogenized one time with 350 g of octyltrisiloxane, theresulting gel (Sample 2-a) had a solids content of about 12.5 weightpercent based upon the total weight of silicone gel and a viscosity of205,000 cP at 24 hours.

Example 2

260 g of a silicone hydride fluid with the approximate compositionM^(H)D₁₃₃D^(H) _(2.5)M^(H) was mixed with 8.5 g of vinyl cyclohexeneoxide, 7.4 g of C₁₆₋₁₈ alpha olefin from Innovene, 630 g ofethyltrisiloxane and 0.075 g of platinum catalyst solution (Karstedt'sCatalyst). The mixture was heated to 90 degrees celsius and then mixedfor 45 minutes. Then 9.7 g of another silicone hydride, MD^(H) ₅₀M in 80g of ethyltrisiloxane was added to the hot reaction mixture. This wasstirred at 90 degrees celsius for another 4 hours and then the reactionwas quenched with the addition of a terminal olefin (C₁₆₋₁₈ fromInnovene) The resulting material had a solids content of 31 weightpercent and extractables of 18 weight percent based upon the totalweight of reaction product (a). Then 250 g of this material was dilutedwith 350 g of ethyltrisiloxane and passed through a Gaulin homogenizerone time at 9000 psi. The resulting material (Sample 3) had a solidscontent of about 12.5 weight percent based upon the total weight ofsilicone gel and a viscosity of 254,000 cP at 24 hours. When 250 g ofthis 31 weight percent cross-linked silicone powder, was homogenizedwith 350 g of octyltrisiloxane, the resulting gel (Sample 3-a) had asolids content of about 12.5 weight percent based upon the total weightof silicone gel and a viscosity of 185,000 cP at 24 hours. TABLE 1Summary of Results of Examples 1 and 2 Alkyl Chain Extractables GelSolids Length in (weight- (weight- Number of percent of percent ofCarbon Fluid reaction silicone Viscosity Sample Atoms Component product(a)) gel) (cP) Comparative 1 30-45 D5 20 12.5 183,000 Example Example 12 30-45 ETS 24.5 12.5 220,000 2a 30-45 ETS/OTS 24.5 12.5 205,000 Example2 3 16-18 ETS 18 12.5 254,000 3a 16-18 ETS/OTS 18 12.5 185,000

As the summary of results in Table 1 indicates, the decamethylcylcopentasiloxane (D5) and ethyltrisiloxane have similar gel-swellingefficiencies when cross-linked polymer alkyl chain length andextractables measures are considered. Typically, higher extractablesmeasures results in somewhat higher viscosity materials. Also noted fromthese experiments is that octyltrisiloxane is a less efficient swellingagent than ethyltrisiloxane as shown in Sample-2a and Sample-3a.

Example 3

Preparation of the reaction product (a), and its swelling by a range oforganosiloxane fluids. 260 g of a silicone hydride fluid with theapproximate composition M^(H)D₁₃₃D^(H) _(2.5)M^(H) was mixed with 8.5 gof vinyl cyclohexene oxide, 15.4 g of C₁₆₋₁₈ alpha olefin from Innovene,630 g of polydimethylsiloxane (5 cP) and 0.075 g of platinum catalystsolution (Karstedt's Catalyst). The mixture was heated to 90° C. andthen mixed for 45 minutes. Then 8.6 g of another silicone hydride,MD^(H) ₅₀M, in 80 g of polydimethylsiloxane (5 cP) was added to the hotreaction mixture. This was stirred at 90° C. for another 4 hours andthen the reaction was quenched with the addition of a terminal olefin(C₁₆₋₁₈ alpha olefin from Innovene). The resulting material had a solidscontent of 30%, based on the total weight of reaction product (a). Thefollowing swollen silicone gels were prepared by passing blends ofreaction product (a) powder with mixtures of octyltrisiloxane and 5 cPpolydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) through the Gaulin homogenizer at 9,000 psitwice. The solids and viscosities of the resulting silicone gels(Samples 4-14) are listed in the following table; (Table 2). TABLE 2Silicone gels with linear silicones as swelling agents Solids in gelAmount in (weight- grams of Amount in Amount in percent reaction gramsof grams of of Viscosity product octyltri- 5 cP silicone at 1 weekSample (a) siloxane PDMS gel) (cP) 4 19,340 0 16,980 16 90,000 5 533 233233 16 114,000 6 533 467 0 16 134,000 7 20,566 0 15,754 17 110,000 8 566217 217 17 143,000 9 566 324 108 17 173,500 10 566 434 0 17 204,500 1121,792 0 14,528 18 180,000 12 600 200 200 18 219,500 13 600 400 0 18277,500 14 633 364 0 19 329,500

As the results in this example clearly illustrate, increasing theproportion of octyltrisiloxane to 5 cP PDMS increases the viscosity ofthe silicone gel at a given level of reaction product (a) solids in thesilicone gel. Therefore alkyltrisiloxane is a more efficient fluidcomponent for silicone gel than the linear 5 cP PDMS fluid.

Also, the alkyltrisiloxane is able to effectively swell reaction product(a) in the presence of a linear higher molecular weight PDMS fluid.Therefore, combination of PDMS and alkyltrisiloxane in silicone gelprovides unique end user benefits, said combination of PDMS andalkyltrisiloxane will also be a more efficient swelling fluid componentfor reaction product (a) than PDMS used alone.

Example 4

260 grams (g) of a silicone hydride fluid with the approximatecomposition M^(H)D₁₃₃D^(H) _(2.5)M^(H) was mixed with 8.5 g of vinylcyclohexene oxide, 21.7 g of Alpha Olefin (Gulftene C30+ from Chevron),630 g of decamethyl cylcopentasiloxane (D₅) and 0.075 g of platinumcatalyst solution, Karstedt's Catalyst. The mixture was heated to 90degrees celsius and then mixed for 45 minutes. Then 9.7 g of anothersilicone hydride fluid, MD^(H) ₅₀M in 80 g of D₅ was added to the hotreaction mixture. This was stirred at 90 degrees celsius for another 4hours and then the reaction was quenched with the addition of a terminalolefin which was C₁₆₋₁₈ alpha olefin from Innovene. The resultingmaterial had a solids content of 30%, and extractables of 15 weightpercent based on the total weight of reaction product (a). The followingsilicone gels (Samples 15-20) were prepared by passing blends ofreaction product (a) powder with mixtures of octyltrisiloxane anddecamethyl cyclopentasiloxane through the Gaulin homogenizer at 9,000psi. The solids and viscosities of the resulting gels are listed in thefollowing table (Table 3). TABLE 3 Silicone Gels with trisiloxanes asfluid components Solids Amount in in gel grams of Amount in (weight-reaction grams of Amount in percent of Viscosity product octyltri- gramsof silicone at 1 wk Sample (a) siloxane D5 gel) (cP) 15 247 0 353 12.5126,000 16 247 176 176 12.5 108,000 17 247 353 0 12.5 83,500 18 297 0303 15 334,500 19 297 152 152 15 204,000 20 297 303 0 15 200,500

As the results in Table 3 indicate, blending octyltrisiloxane withdecamethyl cyclopentasiloxane provides silicone gels with lowerviscosity implying that D₅ is a more effective fluid component thanoctyltrisiloxane.

Upon analysis of Examples 1-5, the following trend is very easy toascertain: decamethyl cyclopentasiloxane(D5)≅ethyltrisiloxane>octyltrisiloxane>5 cP PDMS fluid>higher molecularweight PDMS fluids in ranking of ability to swell reaction product (a).

Example 5

Enhanced Thickening Performance of Silicone Gel in CosmeticFormulations: When silicone gels are formulated into “cream to powder”foundations, gels containing alkyltrisiloxanes provide much higherviscosity products than gel containing D5 alone (Sample 1); that areeasy to spread with very pleasant sensory properties and which exhibitenhanced product stability. The formulations (1-4) are shown in thetable below (Table 4). It will be understood that weight percent as usedin Table 4 for the formulations 1-4 is weight percent based on the totalweight of the formulation. TABLE 4 Foundation Formulations Formula-Formula- Formula- Formula- tion 1 tion 2 tion 3 tion 4 weight weightweight weight Ingredient percent percent percent percent Part A Sample 1(Example 1) 44.5 (D5) Sample 2 (Example 2) 44.5 (ETS) Sample 16 (Example5) 44.5 (D5/OTS) Sample 19 (Example 5) 44.5 (D5/OTS) Cyclopentasiloxane30.2 30.2 30.2 30.2 Phenylpropyldimethyl- 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 siloxysilicateCyclopentasiloxane & 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.6 Dimethicone Part BPolymethylsilsequioxane 11.8 11.8 11.8 11.8 Part C TiO₂ 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8Colored Pigments 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 Viscosity of final 9,500 28,000 62,000100,000 Foundations cP cP cP cP

These formulations are made by mixing all of the parts A, B and C for 5to 10 minutes with an overhead stirrer at 3000 rotations per minute(rpm). As noted by the viscosity measurements of the final products, theuse of ethyltrisiloxane or octyltrisiloxane in the silicone gelsprovides much higher viscosity cream to powder foundations (Formulations2-4) than silicone gels without the trisiloxane (Formulation 1). Thesefoundation formulations are also easy to spread with a differentiatingsensory property that provides a powdery after feel for the product.

While the above description comprises many specifics, these specificsshould not be construed as limitations, but merely as exemplificationsof specific embodiments thereof. Those skilled in the art will envisionmany other embodiments within the scope and spirit of the description asdefined by the claims appended hereto.

1. A first silicone composition comprising: a) the reaction product ofM_(a)M^(H) _(b)M^(vi) _(c)M^(E) _(d)D_(e)D^(H) _(f)D^(vi) _(g)D^(E)_(h)T_(i)T^(H) _(j)T^(vi) _(k)T^(E) _(L)Q_(m) whereM=R¹R²R³SiO_(1/2);M^(H)=R⁴R⁵HSiO_(1/2);M^(vi)=R⁶R⁷R⁸SiO_(1/2);M^(E)=R⁹R¹⁰R^(E)SiO_(1/2);D=R¹¹R¹²SiO_(2/2);D^(H)=R¹³HSiO_(2/2);D^(VI)=R¹⁴R¹⁵SiO_(2/2);D^(E)=R¹⁶R^(E)SiO_(2/2)T=R¹⁷SiO_(3/2)T^(H)=HSiO_(3/2);T^(vi)=R¹⁸SiO_(3/2);T^(E)=R^(E)SiO_(3/2); andQ=SiO_(4/2) where R¹, R², R³, R¹¹, R¹² and R¹⁷ are independentlymonovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms;R⁴, R⁵ and R¹³ are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals havingfrom one to sixty carbon atoms or hydrogen; R⁶ is a monovalentunsaturated hydrocarbon radical having from two to ten carbon atoms, andR⁷ and R⁸ are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having fromone to sixty carbon atoms; R¹⁴ is a monovalent unsaturated hydrocarbonradical having from two to ten carbon atoms; and R¹⁵ is a monovalenthydrocarbon radical having from one to sixty carbon atoms; R¹⁸ is amonovalent unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having from two to ten carbonatoms; R⁹, R¹⁰ and R¹⁶ are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicalshaving from one to sixty carbon atoms or R^(E); each R^(E) isindependently a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing one or moreoxirane moieties having from one to sixty carbon atoms; thestoichiometric subscripts a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, L, and m, areeither zero or positive subject to the following limitations: a+b+c+d>1;d+h+L≧1 and b+f+j≧1; and, b) a swelling amount of an alkyltrisiloxanewherein said reaction product is swollen by said alkyltrisiloxane toform a first silicone composition and wherein said first siliconecomposition possesses a lower solids content than a solids contentpresent in a second silicone composition comprising said reactionproduct and a linear silicone fluid other than an alkyltrisiloxane,whereby second silicone composition and first silicone composition haveequivalent viscosities.
 2. The first silicone composition of claim 1,where first silicone composition has a given cross-linked structure anda given cross-link density and said lower solids content of firstsilicone composition is at least about 10 percent lower than the solidscontent for second silicone composition which has an equivalentcross-linked structure and an equivalent cross-link density to firstsilicone composition; and where first silicone composition has aviscosity of greater than about 100,000 centistokes.
 3. The firstsilicone composition of claim 1, where first silicone composition has agiven cross-linked structure and a given cross-link density and saidlower solids content of first silicone composition is at least about 25percent lower than the solids content for second silicone compositionwhich has an equivalent cross-linked structure and an equivalentcross-link density to first silicone composition; and where firstsilicone composition has a viscosity of greater than about 150,000centistokes.
 4. The first silicone composition of claim 1, where firstsilicone composition has a given cross-linked structure and a givencross-link density and said lower solids content of first siliconecomposition is at least about 40 percent lower than the solids contentfor second silicone composition which has an equivalent cross-linkedstructure and an equivalent cross-link density to first siliconecomposition; and where first silicone composition has a viscosity ofgreater than about 200,000 centistokes.
 5. The first siliconecomposition of claim 1 where reaction product (a) can comprise thereaction product of (I) a composition comprising the formula:M^(H) _(n)D_(o)D^(H) _(p)M^(H) _(2-n) whereM^(H)=R¹⁹R²⁰HSiO_(1/2);D=R²¹R²²SiO_(2/2;) and,D^(H)=R²³HSiO_(2/2) where R¹⁹, R²⁰, and R²³ are independently monovalenthydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms or hydrogen;R²¹ and R²² are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals havingfrom one to sixty carbon atoms; the stoichiometric subscripts n, o, andp are zero or positive subject to the limitations: o is a number greaterthan 10, p is a number from zero to about 20, n is a number from zero totwo, subject to the limitation that n+p is from 1 to about 20; (II)alkenyl cycloalkylene oxide; (III) alpha-olefin fraction; (IV)alkyltrisiloxane and optionally cyclic siloxane, (V) platinum catalyst;(VI) epoxide polymerization catalyst formed through the interaction ofplatinum with a Si-H bond containing compound in fluid component; and(VII) agent for quenching residual functionality.
 6. The first siliconecomposition of claim 1 where at least one alkyltrisiloxane (b) materialresults from the alkylation of a polyorganosiloxane having the formula(A):MD^(H)M   (A) whereM=R^(A)R^(B)R^(C)SiO_(1/2); andD^(H)=R^(D)HSiO_(2/2); where R^(A), R^(B), and R^(C) are independentlymonovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms;and R^(D) is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical having from one to sixtycarbon atoms or hydrogen.
 7. The first silicone composition of claim 1where at least one alkyltrisiloxane (b) has the formula:M′D*_(r)M whereM or M′=R²⁴R²⁵R²⁶SiO_(1/2); and,D*=R²⁷R²⁸SiO_(2/2) where each R²⁴, each R²⁵, and each R²⁶ areindependently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixtycarbon atoms to allow for M and M′ to be different; and where R²⁷ andR²⁸ are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from two tosixty carbon atoms; the stoichiometric subscripts r is positive subjectto the limitations: that the silicon atom of D* has a pendant group thatis other than hydrogen, methyl and polyether, and r is equal to one. 8.The first silicone composition of claim 1 where at least onealkyltrisiloxane is a linear alkyltrisiloxane selected from the groupconsisting of ethyltrisiloxane, octyltrisiloxane, hexyltrisiloxane, andcombinations thereof.
 9. The first silicone composition of claim 1 whereat least one alkyltrisiloxane is a linear alkyltrisiloxane selected fromthe group consisting of 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-ethyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-octyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-hexyltrisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane;3-pentyl-1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;1-hexyl-1,1,3,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,3,3,5,5-heptamethyl-5-octyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-octyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-hexyltrisiloxane;1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethyl-1,5-dipropyltrisiloxane;3-(1-ethylbutyl)-1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-(1-methylpentyl)trisiloxane;1,5-diethyl-1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-(1-methylpropyl)trisiloxane;3-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,5,5,5-hexamethyl-3,3-bis(1-methylethyl)trisiloxane;1,1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethyl-1,5-bis(1-methylpropyl)trisiloxane;1,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethyltrisiloxane;3-(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-(3-methylbutyl)trisiloxane;1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-(3-methylpentyl)trisiloxane;1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-(2-methylpropyl)trisiloxane;1-butyl-1,1,3,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-propyltrisiloxane;3-isohexyl-1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;1,3,5-triethyl-1,1,3,5,5-pentamethyltrisiloxane;3-butyl-1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;3-tert-pentyl-1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,5,5,5-hexamethyl-3,3-dipropyltrisiloxane;3,3-diethyl-1,1,1,5,5,5-hexamethyltrisiloxane;1,5-dibutyl-1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,5,5,5-hexaethyl-3,3-dimethyltrisiloxane;3,3-dibutyl-1,1,1,5,5,5-hexamethyltrisiloxane;3-ethyl-1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;3-heptyl-1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;1-ethyl-1,1,3,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,5,5,5-hexamethyl-3,3-diethyltrisiloxane;1,1,3,3,5,5-hexamethyl-1,5-diethyltrisiloxane;1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-butyltrisiloxane and combinations thereof.10. A silicone gel substantially comprising first silicone compositionof claim
 1. 11. A silicone gel substantially comprising first siliconecomposition of claim
 2. 12. A silicone gel substantially comprisingfirst silicone composition of claim
 3. 13. A silicone gel substantiallycomprising first silicone composition of claim
 4. 14. A silicone gelsubstantially comprising first silicone composition of claim
 7. 15. Apersonal care formulation comprising the silicone gel of claim 10 wherethe personal care formulation is selected from the group consisting ofdeodorant, antiperspirant, antiperspirant/deodorant, shaving product,skin lotion, moisturizer, toner, bath product, cleansing product, haircare product manicure product, protective cream, color cosmetic, avehicle for fragrance delivery benefits, drug delivery system fortopical application of medicinal composition that is to be applied tothe skin, and combinations thereof.
 16. The personal care formulation ofclaim 15 further comprising personal care ingredient selected from thegroup consisting of emollient, moisturizer, humectant, pigment, coatedmica, colorant, fragrance, biocide, preservative, antioxidant,anti-microbial agent, anti-fungal agent, antiperspirant agent,exfoliant, hormone, enzyme, medicinal compound, vitamin, salt,electrolyte, alcohol, polyol, absorbing agent for ultraviolet radiation,botanical extract, surfactant, silicone oil, organic oil, wax, filmformer, thickening agent, particulate filler, clay, and combinationsthereof.
 17. A process for producing a first silicone compositioncomprising: combining: a) the reaction product ofM_(a)M^(H) _(b)H^(vi) _(c)M^(E) _(d)D_(e)D^(H) _(f)D^(vi) _(g)D^(E)_(h)T_(i)T^(H) _(j)T^(vi) _(k)T^(E) _(L)Q_(m) whereM=R¹R²R³SiO_(1/2);M^(H)=R⁴R⁵HSiO_(1/2);M^(vi)=R⁶R⁷R⁸SiO_(1/2);M^(E)=R⁹R¹⁰R^(E)SiO_(1/2);D=R¹¹R¹²SiO_(2/2);D^(H)=R¹¹HSiO_(2/2);D^(VI)=R¹⁴R¹⁵SiO_(2/2);D^(E)=R¹⁶R^(E)SiO_(2/2)T=R¹⁷SiO_(3/2)T^(H)=HSiO_(3/2);T^(vi)=R¹⁸SiO_(3/2);T^(E)=R^(E)SiO_(3/2); andQ=SiO_(4/2); where R¹, R², R³, R¹¹, R¹² and R¹⁷ are independentlymonovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixty carbon atoms;R⁴, R⁵ and R¹³ are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals havingfrom one to sixty carbon atoms or hydrogen; R⁶ is a monovalentunsaturated hydrocarbon radical having from two to ten carbon atoms, andR⁷ and R⁸ are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having fromone to sixty carbon atoms; R¹⁴ is a monovalent unsaturated hydrocarbonradical having from two to ten carbon atoms; and R¹⁵ is a monovalenthydrocarbon radical having from one to sixty carbon atoms; R¹⁸ is amonovalent unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having from two to ten carbonatoms; R⁹, R¹⁰ and R¹⁶ are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicalshaving from one to sixty carbon atoms or R^(E); each R^(E) isindependently a monovalent hydrocarbon radical containing one or moreoxirane moieties having from one to sixty carbon atoms; thestoichiometric subscripts a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, L, and m, areeither zero or positive subject to the following limitations: a+b+c+d>1;d+h+L≧1 and b+f+j≧1; and, b) a swelling amount of an alkyltrisiloxanewherein said reaction product is swollen by said alkyltrisiloxane toform a first silicone composition and wherein said first siliconecomposition possesses a lower solids content than a solids contentpresent in a second silicone composition comprising said reactionproduct and a linear silicone fluid other than an alkyltrisiloxane,whereby second silicone composition and first silicone composition haveequivalent viscosities.
 18. The process of claim 17 where first siliconecomposition has a given cross-linked structure and a given cross-linkdensity and said lower solids content of first silicone composition isat least about 10 percent lower than the solids content for secondsilicone composition which has an equivalent cross-linked structure andan equivalent cross-link density to first silicone composition; andwhere first silicone composition has a viscosity of greater than about100,000 centistokes.
 19. The process of claim 17 where first siliconecomposition has a given cross-linked structure and a given cross-linkdensity and said lower solids content of first silicone composition isat least about 25 percent lower than the solids content for secondsilicone composition which has an equivalent cross-linked structure andan equivalent cross-link density to first silicone composition; andwhere first silicone composition has a viscosity of greater than about150,000 centistokes.
 20. The process of claim 17 where first siliconecomposition has a given cross-linked structure and a given cross-linkdensity and said lower solids content of first silicone composition isat least about 40 percent lower than the solids content for secondsilicone composition which has an equivalent cross-linked structure andan equivalent cross-link density to first silicone composition; andwhere first silicone composition has a viscosity of greater than about200,000 centistokes.
 21. The process of claim 17 where at least onealkyltrisiloxane (b) has the formulaM′D*_(r)M whereM or M′=R²⁴R²⁵R²⁶SiO_(1/2); and,D*=R²⁷R²⁸SiO_(2/2) where each R²⁴, each R²⁵, and each R²⁶ areindependently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from one to sixtycarbon atoms to allow for M and M′ to be different; and where R²⁷ andR²⁸ are independently monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from two tosixty carbon atoms; the stoichiometric subscripts r is positive subjectto the limitations: that the silicon atom of D* has a pendant group thatis other than hydrogen, methyl, and polyether, and r is equal to one.22. The process of claim 17 further comprising where reaction product(a) is produced in the presence of at least one first fluid componentand is subsequently swollen, where swelling said reaction product (a)comprises diluting the reaction product (a), that has been produced inthe presence of at least one first fluid component, with at least onesecond fluid component with the proviso that at least one first fluidcomponent and/or at least one second fluid component is alkyltrisiloxane(b).
 23. A silicone gel substantially comprising the first siliconecomposition made by the process of claim
 17. 24. A silicone gelsubstantially comprising the first silicone composition made by theprocess of claim
 21. 25. A silicone gel substantially comprising thefirst silicone composition made by the process of claim
 22. 26. Apersonal care formulation comprising the first silicone compositionproduced by the process of claim 17 where the personal care formulationis selected from the group consisting of deodorant, antiperspirant,antiperspirant/deodorant, shaving product, skin lotion, moisturizer,toner, bath product, cleansing product, hair care product manicureproduct, protective cream, color cosmetic, a vehicle for fragrancedelivery benefits, drug delivery system for topical application ofmedicinal composition that is to be applied to the skin, andcombinations thereof.
 27. The personal care formulation of claim 26further comprising personal care ingredient selected from the groupconsisting of emollient, moisturizer, humectant, pigment, coated mica,colorant, fragrance, biocide, preservative, antioxidant, anti-microbialagent, anti-fungal agent, antiperspirant agent, exfoliant, hormone,enzyme, medicinal compound, vitamin, salt, electrolyte, alcohol, polyol,absorbing agent for ultraviolet radiation, botanical extract,surfactant, silicone oil, organic oil, wax, film former, thickeningagent, particulate filler, clay, and combinations thereof.
 28. Apersonal care formulation comprising the first silicone compositionproduced by the process of claim 22 where the personal care formulationis selected from the group consisting of deodorants, antiperspirants,antiperspirant/deodorants, shaving products, skin lotions, moisturizers,toners, bath products, cleansing products, hair care products, manicureproducts, protective creams, color cosmetics, a vehicle for fragrancedelivery benefits, drug delivery systems for topical application ofmedical compositions that are to be applied to the skin, andcombinations thereof.
 29. The personal care formulation of claim 28further comprising personal care ingredient selected from the groupconsisting of emollient, moisturizer, humectant, pigment, coated mica,colorant, fragrance, biocide, preservative, antioxidant, anti-microbialagent, anti-fungal agent, antiperspirant agent, exfoliant, hormone,enzyme, medicinal compound, vitamin, salt, electrolyte, alcohol, polyol,absorbing agent for ultraviolet radiation, botanical extract,surfactant, silicone oil, organic oil, wax, film former, thickeningagent, particulate filler, clay, and combinations thereof.